|
Kiln
Color |
Cone |
°F |
°C |
Description |
|
white |
14 |
2552° |
1400° |
Porcelain:
cone 10-13 |
|
yellow
|
10 |
2380° |
1300° |
High-fire/Stoneware: cone 8-10,
average=cone10 |
|
|
6 |
2192° |
1200° |
Mid-range
glaze: cone 2-7 |
|
|
04 |
1950° |
1100° |
Low-fire/Earthenware: |
|
yellow-
orange |
|
|
1000° |
|
|
|
010 |
1650° |
900° |
Clay
particles beginning to vitrify; the lowest BISQUE temperature (cone
010-04) |
|
|
|
1450° |
800° |
Vitrification
begins, carbonaceous material is burned off. |
|
red |
018 |
1292° |
700° |
RED HEAT |
|
dull red |
|
|
600° |
|
|
|
|
1060° |
500° |
573° C,
quartz inversion in both heating and cooling stages. |
|
|
|
|
400° |
From
480-700° C, chemical water |
|
|
|
|
300° |
From
300-800° C, carbonaceous material burns off. |
|
. |
|
439° |
200° |
220° C,
cristobalite expansion (heating), squeeze (cooling) |
|
dark |
|
212° |
100° |
Water
converts to steam (expands). |
Low-fire / Earthenware
Mid-range
High-fire / Stoneware
Very High-fire / Porcelain